729_SKCPN

Gamtoos Kyk Ook Teiqua; En Gam-Toos

Gamtoos Kyk Ook Teiqua; En Gam-Toos

K 3325, K3321

kyk ook TEIQUA; en GAMTOOS K 3321

Toponymica Hottentotica: A1 (A-G)

25.5

-33.5

50 km radius

eng [Finger, Andries 1710 at GM RZA 2 12 Suggest to set up a sawmill in 'Gamtourland', and Botha 1926 PNCP 66's O.M. 'The Official Journal Speaks of the Gamtourland (11.3.1710)'] [Kolbe 1719, quoted from the Dutch translation 1727 i 476, speaking of 'the country der Chamtouers', 477 'The Kapitin of the Chamtouers'.] Beutler 1752 GM RZZ 3 277 '... Gamtousch Mountains ...'; 'Gamtousch River ...' Ibid. 279 '... Saagen Alhier 2 Hottentots ... Being of De Gamtousch Natie'. 1765 at Botha 1926 PNCP 66 'in 1765 The River Appears as Gamto's'. Thunberg 1772 Resa I 229 'Gamtous River'. Ibid. 342 'Kamtous River'. Sparr Man 1775 VCGH 1 305 '... The Great River of T'cam-T'nasi, Which Runs Into That of Tc'amTour'. Ibid. 2 1 'CamTours River'. Swellengrebel H 1776 GM RZA 4 27 'In 'T Mountains at Deesy Der Cauga or Gamtouws River ...' [and Forbes 1965 PTSA 78 N.A.v. The still inexhausted papers, copy in Cape Archive:] 'Swellengrebel Had Recorded Earlier That The Gamtoor and Gouritz Rivers Were Named After Hottentot Captains'. Paterson 1778 NFJ 80 'We Continued Our Journey ... To The CamTours'. Gordon 1778 MS 1 129 'Gamtous River, Hottentots Tei [Ter?] Qua being Kaauwdag River. Zy Walk very far from the Karika ... 'Le Vaillant 1782 Travels I 238' Gamtoos. IT DERIVES ITSAME FROM AN UNFORTUNATE CAPTAIN WHO in A Storm was Shipwrecked Near Its Mouth '. Mentzel 1787 VRV 25 89 '... BETWEEN THE CAMTOURS ... RIVERS'. Ibid. 92 'Kammury'. Van Reenen J 1790 VRV 8 147 '... WHICH FALLS INTO THE CAMTOURS'. Van Reenen DG 1803 VRV 18 74 'Gamtous River'. Lichtenstein 1803-6 RISA 1 363 'ChamToos River' [and in other places.] Smith 1832 VRV 36 138 'Camptos R.' Hahn th 1901 Collectanea 167 'Gamtoos: ǀǀ Gamtoas'. Raper 1968 TVV 24/1 Jan. 1968 25 'The Gamtoos River is of particular importance because it has three names from his source in the snow mountains. The upper part is known as the Kariega; Near Winterhoek it becomes the Groot River, and only then it is known as the Gamtoos '. SESA 1972 5 114 'Gamtoos (River) ... The Names is whether Hottentot Origin and is Said to Mean 'Wiy as a Lion', With Reference To The Fact That The River Invarialy Floods Its Banks When Least Expected ...'

afr [Finger, Andries 1710 by GM RZA 2 12 stel voor om ’n saagmeul ook in 'Gamtourland' op te rig, en Botha 1926 PNCP 66 se o.m. 'the official journal speaks of the Gamtourland (11.3.1710)'] [Kolbe 1719, aangehaal uit die Nederlandse vertaling 1727 I 476, praat van 'het land der Chamtouers', 477 'de Kapitein van de Chamtouers'.] Beutler 1752 GM RZA 3 277 '...het Gamtouschgebergte...'; 'Gamtousch rivier...' Ibid. 279 '...saagen alhier 2 Hottentotten...weesende van de Gamtousch natie'. 1765 by Botha 1926 PNCP 66 'In 1765 the river appears as Gamto’s'. Thunberg 1772 RESA I 229 'Gamtous-rivier'. Ibid. 342 'Kamtous-rivier'. Sparrman 1775 VCGH 1 305 '...the great river of t’Cam-t’Nasi, which runs into that of tC’amtour'. Ibid. 2 1 'Camtours-rivier'. Swellengrebel H 1776 GM RZA 4 27 'In ‘t gebergte aan deese zyde der Cauga of Gamtouws rivier...' [En hierby Forbes 1965 PTSA 78 n.a.v. die nog onuitgegewe Papers, afskrif in Kaapse Argief:] 'Swellengrebel had recorded earlier that the Gamtoor and Gouritz rivers were named after Hottentot captains'. Paterson 1778 NFJ 80 'We continued our journey...to the Camtours'. Gordon 1778 ms 1 129 'gamtous rivier, hiet in hottentots tei [ter?] qua synde kaauwdag rivier. zy loopt van heel ver uit de karika...' le Vaillant 1782 Travels I 238 'Gamtoos. It derives its name from an unfortunate captain who in a storm was shipwrecked near its mouth'. Mentzel 1787 VRV 25 89 '...between the Camtours...Rivers'. Ibid. 92 'Kam- tour'. Van Reenen J 1790 VRV 8 147 '...which falls into the Camtours'. Van Reenen DG 1803 VRV 18 74 'Gamtousrivier'. lichtenstein 1803-6 RISA 1 363 'Chamtoos-Rivier' [en op ander plekke.] Smith 1832 VRV 36 138 'Camptoos R.' Hahn Th 1901 Collectanea 167 'Gamtoos: ǀǀGamtoas'. Raper 1968 TVV 24/1 Jan. 1968 25 'Die Gamtoosrivier is van besondere belang omdat dit van sy bron in die Sneeuberge tot by sy monding drie name het. Die boonste gedeelte staan bekend as die Kariega; naby Winterhoek word dit die Grootrivier, en eers daarna is dit bekend as die Gamtoos'. SESA 1972 5 114 'Gamtoos(rivier)...The name is of Hottentot origin and is said to mean ‘wily as a lion’, with reference to the fact that the river invariably floods its banks when least expected...'

eng The exams are so chosen that they especially make the early game forms and / or give the meaning. Fourteen from the nineteen extracts from within the eighteenth century. There are four formulated statements and two by implication. The statement of SESA is not strong. The gamble is apparently connected to Xami = Lion or Xams = Leeuess. Nameworde with Anlaut X- Never, never repeat, a suction consonant before, and yet Sparrman writes the corresponding Cape word with a clapping sound to the front. With the T '(which he is here, indeed, in the consulted English text a little unusual with a tc', but it is certainly setfout for t'c, look eg. after his list at the back of his book or Seifs after the game of Kammanassie in the quotation). The remaining ingredient-toe must then express the understanding of 'WILY'; We do not believe it can be 'done'. The whole thought is o.i. Also far-fetched.
The statement of SESA is not strong. The gamble is apparently connected to Xami = Lion or Xams = Leeuess. Nameworde with Anlaut X- Never, never repeat, a suction consonant before, and yet Sparrman writes the corresponding Cape word with a clapping sound to the front. With the T '(which he is here, indeed, in the consulted English text a little unusual with a tc', but it is certainly setfout for t'c, look eg. after his list at the back of his book or Seifs after the game of Kammanassie in the quotation). The remaining ingredient-toe must then express the understanding of 'WILY'; We do not believe it can be 'done'. The whole thought is o.i. Also far-fetched. Th Hahn is apparently busy with a very unlikely probability statement, viz. of ǀǀ Gam- = water, and faster Let's rather put it positive. By implication, Gamtoos River (or mountains, etc.) is connected to the gamuters. We hear from them by 1702 (not quoted) and 1710, so Gamtourland is the land of the gamuters or the Gamtouer nation. Notably precisely is the presence of the -r- in many records of this river name, eg. In CamTours (so at Sparrman, Paterson, Mentzel, J. van Reenen), as if it were a shortening of the 'Gam-Touers River', D.W.S. The river of the gamuters. In the conception, we are steered by Gordon if we understand him right. He seems to say, 'The river that we call the river of the gamuters, has its own name, namely Tei-Qua River, who wants to say in our language, Koudag River'. In all cases where no statement is considered, one can. So understand that the river name was transferred to him from the name of the inhabitants around it. Hoorop where they are not established, the same stream has other names, cf. Raper. Whether the Khoekhow name tei-qua only applies to the gamut on the whole stream, we do not know anymore. With this, the problem is slightly moved. What does gamtouer (country / nation etc.) mean? Indeed, the people could have taken over the name of a captain (Swellengrebel) or it could have had a different basis. At Kamies (mountains) who have a corresponding first component (compare in the quotes all the spellings with C-AM), we got a little dozen arrangements. Without any fixed acquisition, it really has little sense to make mistakes of what the folk name gamtouer meant. It doesn't change the problem if it was originally a captain. We must satisfy us with the statement that the river section probably took over his name from the then residents there, that it looks like the whites have brought about the transfer, and that the old Gamtouers had their own inland name for the stream has, a name that has been totally lost and in fact was found to be documented only once so far, viz. at Gordon. It appears to be documenting that the spelling with, in the second member later, and more than a century began to be widely started, D.W.S. When the gamuters disappeared as a separate 'nation' and lost the connection with the people. Gamtoos appears beyond the name of a station at 3324 DD in the Hankey district. To the sea, also to the Gamtoos River, Gamtoos River mouth is the name of a post office (Dist. Hankey), and Gamtoos River Spring is the name of another post office more northern and also on the river (Dist. Humansdorp). Here the river name went in places. But this can't be the case with Gamtoos mountain, a farm No SW.q.13-86 at 3321 DA, Dist. Ladismith. The farm is full of Calitzdorp and western of the Gourits River. The important determination is that this farm Gamtoosberg, apparently only mentioned to a mountain, over the 250 km (straight) of the Gamtoos River mouth, and therefore cannot be named to the river. Note the difference in longitude: Gamtoosberg is on (33) 21 da, the river mouth on (33) 25cc, the first is in Dist. Ladysmith, the second in Dist. Hankey. We believe the determination tells a story. The story is that the farm Gamtoosberg got its name when the gamuters lived there, even before they leave for the Gamtoos River. In other words: The name Gamoos comes from a tribe so called.

afr Die ekserpte is so gekies dat hulle veral die vroeë spelvorme laat uitkom en/of die betekenis aangee. Veertien uit die negentien uittreksels van binne die agtiende eeu. Daar is vier geformuleerde verklarings en twee by implikasie. Die verklaring van SESA is nie sterk nie. Die Gam- word daar blykbaar verbind met xami = leeu of xams = leeuwyfie. Namawoorde met anlaut x- het nooit, herhaal nooit, ’n suigkonsonant vooraan nie, en tog skryf Sparrman die ooreenstemmende Kaapse woord met ’n klapklank vooraan nl. met die t’ (wat hy hier, weliswaar, in die geraadpleegde Engelse teks bietjie ongewoon stel met ’n tC’, maar dit is tog bepaald setfout vir t’C, kyk bv. na sy lys agterin sy boek of seifs na die spelwyse van Kammanassie in die aanhaling). Die oorblywende bestanddeel -toos moet dan die begrip van 'wily' uitdruk; ons glo nie dit kan 'gedoen' word nie. Die hele gedagte is o.i. ook baie vergesog. Die verklaring van SESA is nie sterk nie. Die Gam- word daar blykbaar verbind met xami = leeu of xams = leeuwyfie. Namawoorde met anlaut x- het nooit, herhaal nooit, ’n suigkonsonant vooraan nie, en tog skryf Sparrman die ooreenstemmende Kaapse woord met ’n klapklank vooraan nl. met die t’ (wat hy hier, weliswaar, in die geraadpleegde Engelse teks bietjie ongewoon stel met ’n tC’, maar dit is tog bepaald setfout vir t’C, kyk bv. na sy lys agterin sy boek of seifs na die spelwyse van Kammanassie in die aanhaling). Die oorblywende bestanddeel -toos moet dan die begrip van 'wily' uitdruk; ons glo nie dit kan 'gedoen' word nie. Die hele gedagte is o.i. ook baie vergesog. Th Hahn is hier klaarblyklik besig met ’n baie onwaarskynlike waarskynlikheidsverklaring, nl. van ǀǀGam- = water, en -toas = opraak (Kr.R. 1969 NW 359), 'Wateropgeraak', 'Sonderwater', duidelik afgaande op klankassosiasie. laat ons dit liewers positief stel. By implikasie is Gamtoosrivier (of -gebergte ens.) verbind met die Gamtouers. Ons hoor van hulle teen 1702 (nie aangehaal nie) en 1710, so is Gamtourland die land van die Gamtouers of die Gamtouer-nasie. Opmerklik juis is die aanwesigheid van die -r- in baie optekeninge van hierdie riviernaam, bv. in Camtours (so by Sparrman, Paterson, Mentzel, J. van Reenen), asof dit ’n verkorting is van die 'Gam- touersrivier', d.w.s. die rivier van die Gamtouers. In die opvatting word ons gesterk deur Gordon as ons horn reg verstaan. Dit lyk asof hy se: 'Die rivier wat ons die rivier van die Gamtouers noem, het onder hulle 'n eie naam, te wete Tei-qua-rivier, wat in ons taal wil se, Koudagrivier'. In al die gevalle waar geen verklaring nodig geag word nie, kan mens dit o.i. so begryp dat die riviernaam op horn oorgedra is van die naam van die bewoners daar rondom heen. Hoerop waar hulle nie gevestig is nie, het dieselfde stroom ander name, vgl. Raper. Of die Khoekhoense naam Tei-qua net op die Gamtoos dan wel op die hele stroom van toepassing was, dit weet ons nie meer nie. Hiermee is die probleem effens verskuif. Wat beteken Gamtouer(land/nasie ens.)? Die mense kon inderdaad die naam van ’n kaptein oorgeneem het (Swellengrebel) of dit kon ’n ander grondslag gehad het. By KAMIES(BERGE) wat ’n ooreenstemmende eerste komponent het (vergelyk in die aanhalinge al die spellinge met C-am-), het ons ’n klein dosyn verkla- rings gekry. Sonder enige vaste aanknoping het dit werklik weinig sin om van- dag bespieelings te maak oor wat die volksnaam Gamtouer beteken het. Dit verander nie die probleem as dit oorspronklik ’n kapteinnaam was nie. Ons moet ons tevrede stel met die verklaring dat die rivierdeel aan die seekant sy naam waarskynlik oorgeneem het van die destydse bewoners daar, dat dit lyk of die Blankes die oordrag bewerkstellig het, en dat die ou Gamtouers ’n eie inlandse naam vir die stroom gehad het, ’n naam wat totaal verlore gegaan het en trouens net een keer tot dusver gedokumenteerd aangetref is, nl. by Gordon. Dit blyk dokumenter dat die spelling met -toos in die tweede lid later opgekom het en meer as ’n eeu na die vroegste optekeninge algemeen begin word het, d.w.s. toe die Gamtouers as ’n aparte 'nasie' verdwyn het en die verband met die volk verlore geraak het. Gamtoos verskyn verder as die naam van ’n stasie op 3324 DD in die distrik Hankey. Meer na die see toe, ook nog aan die Gamtoosrivier, is Gamtoosriviermond die naam van ’n poskantoor (dist. Hankey), en Gamtoosrivierpont is die naam van ’n ander poskantoor meer noordelik daarvan en ook aan die rivier (dist. Humansdorp). Hier het die riviernaam op plekke oorgegaan. Maar dit kan nie die geval wees met Gamtoos Berg nie, ’n plaas nr Sw.Q.13-86 op 3321 DA, dist. ladismith. Die plaas le suidelik van Calitzdorp en westelik van die Gouritsrivier. Die belangrike vasstelling is naamlik dat hierdie plaas Gamtoosberg, klaarblyklik eers genoem na ’n berg, oor die 250 km (reguit gemeet) van die Gamtoosriviermonding af le, en dus nie na die rivier genoem kan wees nie. let op die verskil in lengtegraad: Gamtoosberg is op (33)21 DA, die rivier mond uit op (33)25CC, die eerste is in dist. ladysmith, die tweede in dist. Hankey. Ons meen dat die vasstelling ’n verhaal vertel. Die verhaal is dat die plaas Gamtoosberg sy naam gekry het toe die Gamtouers daar gewoon het, nog voor hulle vertrek na die Gamtoosrivier toe. Met ander woorde: die naam Gam- toos is afkomstig van ’n stam wat so genoem is.

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